What is Chromatography?

Chromatography is a laboratory technique used to separate, identify, purify, and analyze the components of a mixture.

It works with two main parts: the stationary phase and the mobile phase. Different molecules move at different speeds, which allows them to separate.

How Does Chromatography Work?

A sample is added to the system. The mobile phase carries the sample through the stationary phase. Each compound interacts differently, so the compounds separate and appear as peaks on a chromatogram.

Main Types of Chromatography

Gas Chromatography

Gas chromatography is used to separate volatile compounds using a carrier gas. It is common in food, environmental, forensic, and pharmaceutical analysis.

Column Chromatography

Column chromatography separates compounds through a packed column. It is often used for purification of proteins, antibodies, and chemicals.

Paper Chromatography

Paper chromatography is a simple method where solvent moves through paper. It is useful for teaching, pigments, and basic compound separation.

Liquid Chromatography

Liquid chromatography uses a liquid mobile phase and is used for proteins, peptides, drugs, metabolites, and biomolecules.

Chromatography in Life Science

In life science research, chromatography is used for protein purification, amino acid analysis, antibody purification, nucleic acid purification, quality control, and biomolecule analysis.

Frequently Asked Questions